DNA damage, DNA repair, cell proliferation, and DNA replication: How do gene mutations result?

DNA damage, DNA repair, cell proliferation, and DNA replication: how do gene mutations result?

M son enjoys visiting my lab on weekends because the university internet connection is much faster than our home modem connection. He also likes to read DNA sequences to find that single base change that often spells the cause of human genetic disease. And, when he finds a change, he asks me how it occurred. We discuss DNA damage, repair, and replication, but I can never exactly answer that ‘‘h...

OGG1 DNA Repair Gene Polymorphism As a Biomarker of Oxidative and Genotoxic DNA Damage

Background: Single nucleotide polymorphisms in 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1) gene modulates DNA repair capacity and functions as one of the first lines of protective mechanisms against 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) mutagenicity. OGG1-Cys326 gene polymorphism may decrease DNA repair function, causing oxidative stress due to higher oxidative DNA damage. The main purpose of this stu...

DNA damage, repair and mutations

DNA damage, repair and mutations Harry Vrieling Introduction DNA contains the blueprint for the proper development, functioning and reproduction of organisms ranging from bacteria, low eukaryotes to vertebrates like man. It is therefore of extreme importance that both replication, i.e. the duplication of DNA, and the segregation of fully replicated DNA molecules (i.e. the chromosomes) over the ...

Radiation track and DNA damage

DNA repair: How yeast repairs radical damage

Cloning of the OGG1 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae has revealed that DNA glycosylases are not necessarily conserved throughout phylogeny, yet there is a DNA-repair protein superfamily with a wide substrate specificity found from bacteria to man.